This study aims to investigate the mechanical properties of a novel elliptic-arc re-entrant honeycomb (ERH) structure under quasi-static compression. Through a combination of experimental and numerical analysis methods, the mechanical response of the uni- and multi-cellular structure under compression is comprehensively analyzed. The experimental section employs precise instruments to conduct compression tests on the 3D-printing specimens with recording load-displacement curves and energy absorption characteristics. On the other hand, numerical analysis employs the finite element method to simulate the deformation and stress distribution within the honeycomb structure. The findings reveal that the novel ERH structure exhibits significant advantages in terms of load-bearing capacity and energy absorption efficiency, suggesting its practical applicability. This research not only highlights the superior performance of the new honeycomb structure but also offers valuable insights and methodologies for designing and optimizing lightweight, high strength materials essential for various engineering and industrial applications.