Examining the evidence for exRNAs as communication molecules and emerging cancer biomarkers: a new therapeutic strategy

Xiaozhu Tang; Chunyan Gu; Ye  Yang

doi:10.55092/exrna20230009

Review

Open Access

Examining the evidence for exRNAs as communication molecules and emerging cancer biomarkers: a new therapeutic strategy

Xiaozhu Tang^1,²Chunyan Gu^1,²^,∗Ye Yang²^,∗

¹ Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210022, China

² School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China

* guchunyan@njucm.edu.cn; 290422@njucm.edu.cn

Volume
Volume 5 Issue 2, 2023
Citation
Tang X, Gu C, Yang Y. Examining the evidence for exRNAs as communication molecules and emerging cancer biomarkers: a new therapeutic strategy. ExRNA 2023(2):0009, https://doi.org/10.55092/exrna20230009.
DOI
10.55092/exrna20230009
Copyright
Copyright2023 by the authors. Published by ELSP.

Abstract

Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs), a unique form of RNA within the body, serve as carriers of genetic and metabolic information, providing real-time insights into cellular status. Their ability to act as biomarkers makes them valuable for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. exRNAs can be transported via extracellular vesicles, functioning as signaling mediators in cell-to-cell communication. Tumor cells exhibit heightened vesicle release compared to normal cells, thereby facilitating tumor progression. Leveraging their ease of detection, non-invasive molecular diagnostic technologies can be utilized. This short review presents an overview of exRNAs types, examines the testimony supporting the existence of functional exRNAs in mammals, especially traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-derived dietary microRNAs with special functions in maintaining health and curing diseases like cancer. In addition, we briefly discuss novel approaches for tumor diagnosis and treatment, and the challenges in this field. We highlight the transformative potential of exRNAs as clinical biomarkers and novel cancer therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

exRNAs; intercellular communication; traditional Chinese medicine; dietary microRNAs; biomarker; cancer therapeutic strategy

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