Impacting the gut microbiome through dietary  plant-based extracellular vesicles

Hormat Rhein; Ardawna J. Green; Jian Yang; Melinda A. Engevik; Angela V. Serrano; Jessica K. Runge; Ruth Ann Luna; Sana Sharif; Xinli Liu; Kendal Hirschi; Jennifer K. Spinler

doi:10.55092/exrna20240020

Article

Open Access

Impacting the gut microbiome through dietary plant-based extracellular vesicles

Hormat Rhein¹Ardawna J. Green¹Jian Yang¹Melinda A. Engevik²Angela V. Serrano^3,⁴Jessica K. Runge^3,⁴Ruth Ann Luna^3,⁴Sana Sharif⁵Xinli Liu⁵Kendal Hirschi^1,⁶Jennifer K. Spinler^3,⁴^,∗

¹ Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

² Department of Regenerative Medicine & Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA

³ Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

⁴ Texas Children’s Microbiome Center, Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA

⁵ Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA

⁶ Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA

* spinler@bcm.edu

Volume
Volume 6 Issue 4, 2024
Citation
Rhein H, Green AJ, Yang J, Engevik MA, Serrano AV, et al. Impacting the gut microbiome through dietary plant-based extracellular vesicles. ExRNA 2024(4):0020, https://doi.org/10.55092/exrna20240020.
DOI
10.55092/exrna20240020
Copyright
Copyright2024 by the authors. Published by ELSP.

Abstract

Plant-based diets promote greater diversity and even distribution of gut microbiota which is beneficial to intestinal health, yet dietary complexity has hampered the ability to establish how specific components within a diet alter microbiome structure and function. Increasing evidence demonstrates that extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as prominent vehicles for cell-to-cell communication and inter-organismal transmission of RNAs, protein, and/or lipids. Plant-derived EVs have been found to mediate transport of various proteins and miRNAs, but how the makeup and content of EVs differ among crops and if these differences impact bioactivity is unknown. We have characterized EVs from potato and spinach and demonstrated that plant-derived EVs influence microbial growth in vitro. Using combined Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting, high-resolution imaging, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing we have demonstrated that EV-microbe complexes can be isolated from a healthy human-derived microbial community, visualized EV internalization by these microbes, and characterized the microbial genera associated with EVs. Additionally, we have shown that plant-derived EVs can drive specific microbial shifts when incubated with human-derived microbial communities. These results suggest that plant-derived EVs can specifically influence bacterial growth and impact the gut microbiota, potentially enhancing the nutritional benefits of plant-based diets. This research deepens our understanding of plant-derived EVs in gut health and could lead to advancements in plant-based nutritional therapies and drug delivery systems.

Keywords

plant diet; extracellular vesicles; plant-derived extracellular vesicles; Lactobacillus; Lachnospiraceae; gut microbiome; cross-kingdom communication

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